Low-Fat
Diet and Menu
The low-fat diet restricts fat intake to 40-60 grams
(g) of fat/day by limiting high-fat food and beverage sources.
Intended use
The low-fat diet is intended for use by individuals
who have maldigestion or malabsorption of fat, such as small bowel resection,
pancreatic disease, gastroparesis, fatty liver, or gallstones. This version of
the low-fat diet is not intended for individuals with heart disease (access the
therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) diet at http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4764).
It also is not an optimal approach for weight loss, because calorically dense,
low-fat alternatives such as sugar are not restricted.
While this diet is nutritionally adequate according
to the Recommended Dietary Allowances, individuals may require supplementation
of fat-soluble vitamins, minerals, or high-calorie, low-fat supplements because
of the nature of their disease. A registered dietitian (RD) is the nutrition
authority who is able to best determine which version of a low-fat diet is
optimal and whether vitamin, mineral, or additional calorie supplementation is
needed based on your medical condition. To locate a RD go to www.eatright.org.
The
Nutrition Facts panel lists the nutrition information about a product. If you are unsure if a food fits into the “eat
more of these” or “avoid” column, look at the “Total Fat” grams, located near
the top of the panel. Make sure you adjust your serving size to the portion
size listed at the top of the label.
Labeling terms
|
Term
|
Example
|
Definition
|
|
Fat
free
|
Skim
milk, salad dressing, and pudding
|
<0.5
g fat
|
|
Low
fat
|
Low-fat
cheese
|
≤3
g fat
|
|
Extra
lean
|
Extra-lean
pork and
beef
|
<5
g fat
|
|
Lean
|
Pork,
beef, and
B
poultry
|
<10
g fat
|
|
Less
or reduced
|
Less-fat
or reduced-fat salad dressing
|
25%
less than the regular equivalent
|
|
Light
or lite
|
Lite
margarine or salad dressing
|
50%
less than the regular equivalent
|
It
is important to understand that while products that claim that they are lower
in cholesterol, saturated fat, and trans
fat are healthier selections that may positively reduce the total fat content
of a meal, this is not a direct indication that these foods are acceptable on a
low-fat diet.
Low-fat diet by food groups
|
Food Group
|
Eat More of
These
|
Avoid These
Foods
|
|
Dairy
|
·
Skim or soy milk
·
½% or 1% milk
·
Fat-free yogurt
·
Fat-free cheese
|
·
2% or whole milk
·
Cream
·
Eggnog
·
Milkshakes
|
|
Meat
Limit
5-6 ounces (oz)/day
Guide
to portions:
3
oz=deck of cards
1
oz=one index finger
|
One
serving equals:
·
1 oz extra lean or lean meat or
deli meat
·
1 oz fish
·
1 oz skinless poultry
·
Textured vegetable protein
·
¼ cup (C) water-packed tuna or
salmon
·
1 egg
·
1½ oz low-fat cheese
·
Note: Textured vegetable
protein that contains <0.5 g fat/oz is considered fat free; use without
restriction
|
·
Bacon
·
Sausage
·
Luncheon meats
·
Hot dogs
·
Salami
·
Fish canned in oil
·
Fried meats
·
Convenience and fast-food meals
·
Heavily marbled meats
·
Regular cheese
·
Regular cream cheese
|
|
Fruit
|
·
All are encouraged
|
|
|
Vegetables
|
·
All are encouraged
|
·
No fried vegetables
|
|
*Grain
6-11
servings/day
*Grain
choices must contain
<3 g fat/serving |
One
serving equals:
·
1 slice whole-grain bread
·
½ English muffin, bagel or bun
·
½ C rice or pasta
·
½ C hot cereal
·
¾ C cold cereal
·
1 oz fat-free crackers or pretzels
·
3 C fat-free popcorn
|
·
Stuffing
·
Regular chips
·
Regular crackers
·
Regular bars
·
Biscuits
·
Muffins
·
Doughnuts
·
Baked goods
·
Grilled, fried, or cheesy
breads
|
|
Fat
Limit
three servings/day
(includes
fat added in cooking)
Guide
to portions:
1
tablespoon (Tbsp)=thumb tip
|
One
serving equals:
·
1 teaspoon (tsp) regular or 2
tsp lite butter, margarine, or oil
·
1 Tbsp regular or 2 Tbsp lite
mayonnaise, cream cheese, or salad dressing
·
⅛ avocado
·
2 tsp peanut butter
·
10 peanuts
·
8 olives
|
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
·
Fat-free hot chocolate
·
Carnation® Instant
Breakfast® made with skim milk
·
Sugar
·
Jelly
·
Mustard
·
Ketchup
·
Sherbet
·
Jell-O®
·
Angel food cake
·
Pudding made with skim milk
·
Popsicles®
|
Discuss
the use of alcohol, caffeine, and soda with your dietitian.
·
Ice cream
·
Cakes
·
Pies
·
Cookies
· Regular
cream-based soups
|
Sample menu
|
Breakfast
|
Lunch
|
Dinner
|
|
·
6 fluid oz (fl oz) orange juice
·
¾ C Cheerios®
·
8 fl oz skim milk
·
½ banana
·
1 scrambled egg
·
1 slice toast
·
1 egg
·
1 tsp margarine
·
Jelly
·
Coffee or tea
·
Sugar
|
·
Whole-grain sandwich with 2 oz
fat-free deli meat, tomato, lettuce, onion, mustard, and fat-free mayonnaise
·
1 C skim milk
·
1 C broth-based soup
·
1 apple or 1 C cut fruit
·
1½ C mixed salad greens
·
2 Tbsp lite salad dressing
·
Coffee or tea
·
Sugar
|
·
3 oz skinless, white meat
chicken breast (baked)
·
1 C skim milk
·
1 piece corn on the cob
·
1 C cooked vegetables
·
1 whole-grain dinner roll
·
1 tsp margarine
·
1 C grapes or cut fruit
·
Coffee or tea
·
Sugar
|
References
Andersson H, Isaksson B, S Sjögren B.
Fat-reduced diet in the symptomatic treatment of small bowel disease: metabolic
studies in patients with Crohn’s disease and in other patients subjected to
ileal resection. Gut [serial online]. 1974;15:351-359. Available at:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1412920/.
Accessed January 15, 2010.
MedlinePlus.
Chronic pancreatitis. Available at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000221.htm.
Accessed January 15, 2010.
National
Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). How is gastroparesis
treated? Available at: http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/gastroparesis/#treatment.
Accessed January 15, 2010.
Online
Personal Training & Video Boot Camp. Sample label for macaroni &
cheese. Available at: http://onlinepersonaltrainingvideobootcamp.com/blog/uploaded/Blog%20Post%20Images/Nutrition/400px-US_Nutritional_Fact_Label_2.svg.png.
Accessed January 15, 2010.
Contributed
by Sheryl Lozicki, RD, MBA
Review
Date 1/10
G-1239
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